Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis (GPC)
Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis (GPC) is an allergic and mechanical irritation of the inner eyelids. Unlike other forms of conjunctivitis, it is not an infection. It is characterized by the formation of large bumps (papillae) under the eyelid and is primarily associated with contact lens wear.
Important: Early detection through regular eye exams is essential, as the initial signs of eyelid irritation may not be immediately obvious to the wearer.
Signs and Symptoms
Contact Lens Intolerance
Wearers often notice lenses slipping, sticking, or requiring frequent cleaning. Vision may become blurred, and wearing lenses for a full day often becomes uncomfortable.
Physical Changes
Large bumps (papillae) >0.3 mm form under the upper eyelid. Other symptoms include a gritty "sandy" sensation, watery mucus discharge, redness, and intense itching.
Note: GPC is not contagious. However, if left untreated, it can lead to permanent changes in the eyelid tissue and chronic lens intolerance.
Causes and Risk Factors
GPC is triggered by a combination of mechanical friction and allergic reactions. Common drivers include:
- - Lens Hygiene: Worn-out lenses, rough edges, or sleeping in lenses.
- - Solution Reactions: Sensitivity to lens materials or stale solutions.
- - Environmental Allergens: Makeup, skin products, laundry detergents, or fabric softeners.
- - Medical History: Personal or family history of asthma, eczema, or hay fever.
Management and Treatment
Management is highly successful (over 90%) when combining professional care with lifestyle adjustments.
1. Immediate Measures
- - Lens Break: Temporarily discontinue contact lens wear and use spectacles.
- - Cold Compresses: Apply for symptom relief to reduce swelling and itching.
- - Hygiene Update: Switch to daily disposable lenses or improve the cleaning regimen of reusable lenses.
2. Medical Options
Your practitioner may prescribe targeted medications to reduce the allergic response:
- - Mast Cell Stabilizers: To prevent the release of histamines.
- - Topical Steroids: For short-term control of severe inflammation.
- - Lubricating Drops: To soothe the surface and reduce mechanical friction.
Summary
GPC is a preventable and manageable condition. By identifying triggers early, maintaining strict lens hygiene, and seeking timely medical intervention, most patients can return to comfortable lens wear.
Clinical References
1. Dove Med. Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis Overview.
2. Weissman BA, et al.
Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis – Skowron Eye Care.
3. Summit Medical Group. Eye Irritation: GPC.
4.
Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.
Historical review of GPC.