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Single vision lenses

Single Vision Lenses Overview

Single vision lenses correct either farsightedness with convex “plus” lenses (thicker in the center, thinner at the edges) or nearsightedness with concave “minus” lenses (thinner in the center, thicker at the edges). In children, plus lenses may also be used to correct minor squints. First-time wearers often notice visual distortions: nearsighted users may feel the world looks smaller and farther away, while farsighted users experience a magnification effect. The eyes usually adapt quickly, and vision becomes clearer.

Types of Single Vision Lenses

Single vision lenses come in different shapes to suit specific vision needs, ensuring clarity and comfort across the lens surface:

  • - Spherical Lenses – smooth, even curvature like a soccer ball; the most common and simple design for general nearsightedness or farsightedness.
  • - Toric Lenses – two curvatures at perpendicular axes, like a rugby ball slice; used to correct astigmatism, where vision is blurred due to irregular eye shape.
  • - Aspheric Lenses – slightly flatter toward the edges, providing sharper vision across the lens, reducing magnification differences, and creating thinner, more attractive lenses.

Tints and Coatings

Tints:

  • - Solid or gradient, cosmetic or functional.
  • - Yellow enhances contrast (driving, twilight), grey/green/brown popular for sunglasses.

Coatings:

  • - UV Protection: blocks harmful rays; built into polycarbonate/high-index lenses.
  • - Scratch-Resistant Coating: protects softer plastic lenses; polycarbonate remains most impact-resistant.
  • - Anti-Reflective (AR) Coating: reduces reflections on front and back surfaces, improves clarity, reduces eye strain, and enhances appearance.
  • - Blue Light Protection: filters harmful high-energy visible (HEV) light from screens and digital devices, reducing visual fatigue and supporting long-term eye health.
Learn more about blue light protection coating

Lens Materials

Glass

  • - Crown Glass: widely used, moderate refractive index.
  • - Flint Glass: higher refractive index, heavier, thinner lenses possible.

Plastics

  • - CR-39: lightweight, low cost, excellent optics.
  • - Polycorbonate: very impact-resistant, lighter, ideal for children and sports.
  • - Trivex: newer, lightweight, superior optics to polycarbonate.

Refractive Index

The refractive index measures how much a lens bends light. Higher index materials allow thinner lenses for the same prescription. Examples include CR-39 at 1.498, high-index plastic up to 1.74, and glass from 1.53–1.9. High-index lenses can reflect more light, so anti-reflective coatings are often recommended.

Have your eyes checked regularly and update your single vision prescription to avoid eye strain or blurred vision.

Clinical References

1. Hoya Vision Care (n.d.) Lens materials. Available at: https://www.hoyavision.com/vision-products/lens-materials/ (Accessed: 21 January 2026).

2. Zeiss Vision Care (n.d.) Single Vision Lenses overview and material options. Available at: https://www.zeiss.co.za/vision-care/eye-care-professionals/lenses/lens-type/single-vision-lenses.html (Accessed: 21 January 2026).

3. Master Eye Associates (n.d.) Eyeglass Lens Materials. Available at: https://www.mastereyeassociates.com/eyeglass-lens-materials (Accessed: 21 January 2026).

4. Optispec (n.d.) Lens materials and refractive index explanation. Available at: https://www.optispec.co.za/info_centre/view/287 (Accessed: 21 January 2026).

5. Anti‑reflective coating (n.d.) Optical coating explanation. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating (Accessed: 21 January 2026).